This significant inverse association was not observed in the last model adjusted for age, body mass index (kg/m2), waist circumferences (cm), cigarette smoking, frequency of pregnancy, and physical activity (MET/h/d). The highest tertile of Medi-Lite score was associated with a reduced odds of BV in the crude model (Odds Ratio, OR: 0.49, 95% Confidence Interval, 95% CI 0.25, 0.96, P for trend: 0.023). Logistic regression models were used to determine the association between Medi-Lite and DTAC and BV odds. The reported data in the FFQ was used to measure adherence to the MD by calculating the Medi-Lite score and to measure the DTAC by calculating ferric-reducing antioxidant power, FRAP, based on the related databases. The 168-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to record participants' dietary intakes in the last year. The Amsel criteria were used to detect newly diagnosed patients with BV by a gynecologist. This case-control study was conducted on 143 BV-affected and 151 healthy individuals aged between 15 and 45 years. This study aimed to investigate the association between MD adherence and dietary total antioxidant capacity (DTAC) with BV. The Mediterranean diet, MD, containing foods rich in antioxidant compounds, is shown to be beneficial for inflammatory conditions. These results provide evidence that following the "unhealthy diet" pattern may lead to developing BV, and plant-based eating patterns may be associated with reduced BV odds.īacterial vaginosis, BV, is a common inflammatory vaginal dysbiosis. Five principal dietary patterns emerged and were nominated as "Healthy diet," "Unhealthy diet," "Ovo-vegetarian diet," "Pseudo-Mediterranean diet," and "Western diet." The "Unhealthy diet" pattern were positively associated with BV (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 3.35 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.41, 7.94 ptrend: 0.006), while adherence to the "Ovo-vegetarian diet" pattern was associated with a reduced odds of BV (aOR = 0.16 95% CI 0.07, 0.34 ptrend < 0.001). For logistic regression, the first tertile was assumed as a reference. Factor analysis was used to pinpoint the principal dietary patterns. Vaginal flora was characterized based on the Amsel criteria.
Participants' typical diets were collected by a food frequency questionnaire.
In total, 144 incident BV cases and 151 healthy participants were recruited from the gynecology clinic in Tehran, Iran, between November 2020 and June 2021. This study was a hospital-based case–control study. Dietary consumption may have a crucial role in vaginal flora imbalances. Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a predominant vaginal disturbance that affects about 25% of childbearing-aged women.
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